Quantitative morphometric analysis of the Jama River profile in a tectonically active margin (Northwestern Ecuador)     

Pedro S.B.REYES  Mauricio E.VALAREZO  Jenry CóRDOVA  Fran?ois A.MICHAUD  Camilo ZAPATA 《山地科学学报》2018,15(5):966-975

The longitudinal profile of a river channel can be described in function of mathematical expressions. The logarithmic fit is the most used method to describe the relative equilibrium of a channel elevation profile. Rivers showing zones of high channel gradient and convex-upward profiles can be evaluated in function of the offset distance with respect to the logarithmic curve. The Jama River profile has been constructed using differential GPS data for the downstream reach and 4-m-grid DEM data base for the remaining headward profile. The resulting longitudinal profile shows a prominent knickpoint of about 80 m in elevation characterized by sharp local convexity. The offset distance in vertical direction from the logarithmic plot is interpreted as the successive accumulation of multiple uplift episodes associated with the Jama Fault System activity. The horizontal offset is suggested to represent the remaining retreated distance for the upstream propagation of the Jama knickpoint. The highly resistant Cretaceous rocks outcropping along the Jama knickpoint reach acts as an inflection point between two subprofiles that show well-fitted logarithmic curves, thereby representing a temporary partitioned equilibrium along the Jama River profile.  相似文献   

利用基于环境因子的动态产量模型评估西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼     

汪金涛  陈新军  Kevin W. Staples  陈勇 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(2):94-101

西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼，Illex argentinus，巴塔哥尼亚南部群体是重要的经济种类。海洋环境因子在柔鱼资源分布中起着重要的作用。本研究利用基于环境因子的动态产量模型评估2000-2010年的滑柔鱼的资源量。假设海洋环境因子（滑柔鱼产卵场最适宜海表温度占比）影响动态产量模型的参数K，DIC值表明在正态分布和均匀分布下均是基于环境因子的评估模型优于基本的动态产量模型。阿根廷滑柔鱼的最大可持续产量（MSY）在351600吨到685 100吨之间，资源生物量在1322400吨到1 803 000吨之间，其捕捞死亡系数均小于F_0.1和F_MSY，资源处在良好状态，没有遭受过度捕捞。本研究为应用环境因子在柔鱼类的资源评估与管理提中供了科学的参考方法。  相似文献   

西藏雅鲁藏布缝合带甲查拉组:晚白垩世新特提斯洋海沟沉积?     

傅焓埔  胡修棉  Erica M.CROUCH  安慰  王建刚  Eduardo GARZANTI 《中国科学:地球科学》2018,(10)

雅鲁藏布缝合带记录了印度与亚洲板块汇聚、碰撞及碰撞后造山的信息.甲查拉组位于雅鲁藏布缝合带南侧,自建组以来一直被认为是印度-亚洲大陆碰撞后前陆盆地的深水沉积,物源来自其北侧亚洲大陆南缘的冈底斯弧.然而,一个长期令人不解的问题是:甲查拉组砂岩最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄为88Ma,考虑冈底斯弧晚白垩世-古近纪持续的岩浆活动,如果地层时代是前人基于孢粉、沟鞭藻化石提出的古新世-早始新世(65~50Ma),为何砂岩中缺乏白垩纪晚期-始新世早期(88~50Ma)的碎屑锆石?针对这个问题,本次研究对江孜-萨迦地区的甲查拉组开展了孢粉、沟鞭藻化石分析、岩石地层学、沉积学与物源分析等工作.两个不同实验室的分析处理都未获得保存良好的孢粉、沟鞭藻化石;甲查拉组与宗卓组呈断层接触,岩石组合与沉积结构、构造指示海底扇沉积环境;碎屑组分、碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素指示甲查拉组的物源来自冈底斯弧和中拉萨地体,最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄为84Ma.综合考虑沉积环境、物源与大地构造位置,在区域对比研究基础上,本文认为甲查拉组的时代很可能是晚白垩世(88~84Ma),代表了新特提斯洋向北俯冲阶段亚洲南缘的海沟沉积.  相似文献   

Glacier reconstruction of La Covacha Massif in Sierra de Gredos(central Spain) during the Last Glacial Maximum     

Néstor CAMPOS  David PALACIOS  Luis M.TANARRO 《山地科学学报》2019,(6)

A paleoglacier reconstruction during the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM) is presented for a high mountain area of La Covacha massif in Sierra de Gredos(Iberian Central System) in central Spain. The moraines that, according with the previous literature, had formed during the global LGM, were mapped through photo interpretation of digital aerial photographs and 3D images and detailed field surveys. The topography of the paleoglaciers was estimated using a simple steady-state model that assumed a perfectly plastic ice rheology, reconstructing the theoretical ice profiles and obtaining the ice thickness of the glaciers during the LGM. The reconstruction of the glaciers was carried out using automated and semi-automated physically-based models, obtaining more realistic results with semi-automated models. According to our study, the paleoglaciers in the study area covered an area of 34.79 km~2 during the global LGM, with a maximum ice thickness of 366 meters in La Vega gorge, a total volume of 34.25 × 108 m~3 and a mean paleoELA of 1932 meters. Most of the ice(～82%) was in paleoglaciers facing north, and the rest was in paleoglaciers with other orientations. This emphasizes the importance of orientation in relation to glacier dynamics and ice accumulation. The results obtained in the calculation of paleoELAs during the global LGM in Gredos are average compared to the Iberian mountains of the Northwest where the values were much lower, and with respect to those of the Southwest, much higher. This demonstrates the importance of the exposure of Mediterranean mountains to the humidity sources coming from the NW during the global LGM, as is the case at present.  相似文献   

Butterfly-plant interactions and body size patterns along an elevational gradient in the Manang region of central Nepal     

Bimal Raj SHRESTHA  Binu TIMSINA  Zuzana MüNZBERGOVá  Tomás DOSTáLEK  Prakash GAUDEL  Tej B.BASNET  Maan B.ROKAYA 《山地科学学报》2020,17(5):1115-1127

Butterflies are widely studied due to their key ecosystem functions.For this reason,they are used in ecosystem assessment,formulating conservation plans and in raising the environmental awareness.Quantification of different factors affecting diversity of butterflies is important for their effective conservation.In this study,we investigated abiotic and biotic factors affecting species richness and community composition of butterflies along an elevational gradient in Manang region,central Nepal.We also tested if butterfly species follow the Bergmann’s rule.A total of 57 butterfly species belonging to 39 genera and 8 families were recorded in the study area.Out of a total of 127 plant species identified in the study region,only 67 plant species were visited by butterflies as nectar sources.Species richness of butterflies increased with increasing elevation.Species richness was significantly higher in places with shrubs compared to other places and also in autumn than in summer.Species richness of butterflies also depended on composition of plant species occurring at the localities.Butterfly species composition varied among sampling localities.It was also determined by habitat type,elevation,sampling time,plant species and interactions of elevation×time.The relationship between butterfly size and elevation was in the opposite direction than expected according to the Bergmann’s rule.In conclusion,protection of butterfly diversity can only be achieved by protecting different habitats across the diverse physiography of the region and different plant species,in particular herbs and shrubs.Our results do not support the Bergmann’s rule for butterflies along an elevational gradient in our region.  相似文献   

基于2002-2018年MODIS数据的黄海叶绿素a时空变化研究     

田洪阵  刘沁萍  Joaquim I. Goes  Helga do Rosario Gomes  杨萌萌 《海洋通报》2020,39(1):101-110

浮游植物作为食物链的基础,对海洋生态系统具有重要影响。黄海作为我国重要的渔场,渔业资源面临枯竭的危险,因此对该区浮游植物进行研究具有重要意义。叶绿素a浓度是反映浮游植物生物量的重要指标。利用谷歌地球引擎平台对2002-2018年的MODIS Aqua叶绿素a浓度数据进行处理,并研究其时空分布与变化特征,然后结合区域气候、水文与地理特征以及海洋表面温度、风速、盐度、光合有效辐射和混合层厚度数据分析了其分布与变化的原因。研究发现:受陆源营养物质输入、近岸上升流以及黄海中央冷水团影响,叶绿素a浓度分布呈现由近岸向黄海中部递减特征;在季风、气候、水文的控制下,受风速、海洋表面温度、光合有效辐射、中央冷水团的影响,叶绿素a浓度的最大值出现在4月份,而最小值出现在6、7月份;受苏北沿岸海域海水污染和水体富营养化影响,沿岸海域盐度明显增加,海州湾叶绿素a浓度增速较大;影响黄海叶绿素a浓度变化的环境因子较复杂,除了部分月份存在显著的相关影响因子外,在全年和各季中不存在主导影响因子。  相似文献   

中亚增生造山过程与成矿作用研究进展     

肖文交  宋东方  Brian F.WINDLEY  李继亮  韩春明  万博  张继恩  敖松坚  张志勇 《中国科学:地球科学》2019,(10)

中亚造山带作为全球最大的显生宙增生型造山带,是大陆动力学和成矿作用研究的天然实验室.文章简要概述中国新中国成立以来中亚造山带研究发展情况,并对未来研究提出展望. 20世纪50～70年代是中亚造山带研究的奠基时期,各地质研究学派理论相继运用于解释中亚地区的地质演化.改革开放初期,李春昱先生等开创性地运用板块构造理论解析北疆及兴蒙地区大地构造演化,提出了西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦、中朝-塔里木三大板块俯冲-碰撞的认识,并提出了索伦山至延边缝合线的观点. 20世纪90年代,中亚造山带研究进入快速发展期,前苏联学者提出了多陆块碰撞模型;土耳其学者提出了单一岛弧增生模型,指出中亚造山带是一种特殊类型的碰撞造山带.中国学者对中国北方地区的蛇绿岩、高压变质岩等进行了大量开拓性研究,划分了主要缝合带. 1999年,"中亚成矿域"概念被提出,并与环太平洋成矿域和特提斯成矿域并称全球三大成矿域.进入21世纪,鉴于中亚在大陆增生理论和成矿机制研究领域的重要性,中亚造山带研究成为国际学术前沿.中国在中亚地区布局了一系列科研项目,催生了一大批重要科研成果,包括微陆块属性、蛇绿岩时代和构造背景、岩浆弧性质、增生楔识别和解剖、区域变质-变形作用、俯冲带(超)高压变质作用、洋中脊俯冲、地幔柱与板块相互作用、多岛海构造古地理与复式增生造山时空格架、大陆增生、增生成矿、构造叠加改造等.这些成果产生了重要的国际影响.展望未来,中亚造山带主要有以下几方面的内容需要进一步深入研究:(1)古亚洲洋早期演化历史及起始俯冲机制;(2)古亚洲洋外部造山带(Extroversion)的增生机制;(3)古亚洲洋地幔属性及其时空分布;(4)古亚洲洋与特提斯洋相互作用过程;(5)显生宙大陆增生机制及其全球对比;(6)中亚成矿域增生成矿机制;(7)大陆改造机制.  相似文献   

Skilful Forecasts of Summer Rainfall in the Yangtze River Basin from November     

Philip E.BETT  Nick DUNSTONE  Nicola GOLDING  Doug SMITH  Chaofan LI 《大气科学进展》2023,(11):2082-2091

Variability in the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) brings the risk of heavy flooding or drought to the Yangtze River basin, with potentially devastating impacts. Early forecasts of the likelihood of enhanced or reduced monsoon rainfall can enable better management of water and hydropower resources by decision-makers, supporting livelihoods and major economic and population centres across eastern China. This paper demonstrates that the EASM is predictable in a dynamical forecast model from the pr...  相似文献   

Chromite in the Mantle Section of the Oman Ophiolite: Implications for the Tectonic Evolution of the Oman Ophiolite     

SAVELYEVA G.N.  BATANOVA V.G. 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(Z2):77-78

<正>Structure and composition of the Uralian ophiolites reflect a large spectrum of geodynamic environment of their creation during Paleozoic time:from mid-ocean ridge,rift zone in continental margin,and suprasubduction spreading zone(SSZ)with resultant lherzolite or harzburgite ophiolite type(LOT and HOT).Residual  相似文献   

General Aspects and Resource Potential of Uranium Deposits in China     

LI Ziying  ZHANG Jindai  CAI Yuqi  GUO Q. Y.  ZHU P. F. 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(Z2):1371-1372

Please?refer?to?the?attachment(s)?for?more?details.  相似文献